汽车蓄电池低压报警设计

摘 要

蓄电池作为一种供电方便、安全可靠的直流电源广泛应用于电力、石化、通讯等领域，为获得较高的电压，常用多节蓄电池串联工作方式。由于单体蓄电池特性的差异，在运行一段时间后，电池组中个别电池性能变差，进而失效，造成电池组整体性能下降，导致整个系统的可靠性降低，且蓄电池是一种化学反映装置，内部的化学反映不易及时发现，因此有必要对蓄电池的运行状态进行实时在线监测。

因此为了确保用电设备即使在交流电源全部中断的情况下也能正常安全连续运行，必须保证蓄电池组的运行状态性能良好，在发生火电中断时能够有足够的放电容量，所以重视和加强对蓄电池的维护工作，特别是对蓄电池实施实时在线监测意义重大。

蓄电池监测系统中，主要内容是对单电池电压的监测。其中，关于温度和电流的测量都属常规测量，而且在这些方面的测量技术都已成熟。在电压的测量方法上，对单个电压量的测量方法非常简单。其中，最关键的是如何测量电池组中串联在一起的单体电池电压。在解决如何测量单体电池电压问题上，人们进行了大量的研究工作。

关键词：蓄电池，检测系统，电压

Abstract

As a convenient, safe and reliable DC power supply, battery is widely used in the fields of electric power, petrochemical, communication and so on. In order to obtain higher voltage, multi-cell battery is often used in series. Due to the difference of the characteristics of the single battery, after a period of operation, the performance of individual batteries in the battery pack becomes worse and then fails, resulting in the degradation of the overall performance of the battery pack and the decrease of the reliability of the whole system. The battery is a kind of chemical reflecting device, the internal chemical reflection is not easy to be found in time, so it is necessary to monitor the running state of the battery on-line in real time.

Therefore, in order to ensure that the electrical equipment can operate safely and continuously even if the AC power supply is completely interrupted, it is necessary to ensure that the performance of the battery pack is good and that it can have sufficient discharge capacity in the event of a thermal power interruption. Therefore, it is of great significance to pay attention to and strengthen the maintenance of battery, especially to carry out real-time on-line monitoring of battery.

In the battery monitoring system, the main content is to monitor the single battery voltage. Among them, the measurement of temperature and current is a routine measurement, and the measurement techniques in these aspects are mature. In the method of voltage measurement, it is very simple to measure a single voltage. Among them, the most important is how to measure the single cell voltage connected together in the battery pack. A lot of research work has been done to solve the problem of how to measure the voltage of single cell.

Key words: battery, detection system, voltage